When repeating a footnote, use ibid. Include the relevant page number(s) for the subsequent citation.
When repeating a footnote that does not appear directly after the first mention use op. cit. Include the relevant page number(s) for the subsequent citation.
For example:
1. Craig Lockard, Societies, Networks and Transitions, Volume 1: To 1500: A Global History, 4th edn, Boston, MA, Wadsworth/Cengage, 2020, p. 20.
2. Ibid., pp. 66-67.
3. Anne Curthoys and John Docker, Is History Fiction?, 2nd edn, UNSW Press, Sydney, 2010, pp. 51-52.
4. Lockard, op. cit., p. 68.
5. Amira K. Bennison, ‘Universalism and Western Globalization’, in A. G. Hopkins (ed.), Globalization in World History, London, Pimlico, 2002, p. 78; Curthoys and Docker, Is History Fiction?, p. 10.
6. Bennison, ‘Universalism and Western Globalization’, pp. 79-80.
7. Ibid.
8. Curthoys and Docker, op. cit., pp. 51-52.
The following advice is for Honours and postgraduate students only.
Repeat footnotes have tended to use Latin two abbreviations:
ibid. (meaning the same reference as the previous noted source), adding the page number(s) if different from the immediate previous noted source;
op. cit. (for a source already referenced but prior to the immediate previous noted source) adding the author’s surname before the abbreviation) and adding the relevant page number(s) even if noted in the source prior to the immediate previous one; e.g. Lockard, op. cit., pp. 77-78.
These days it is acceptable to list a shortened form of the same reference at any point following the full citation. In other words, use the author’s surname, a shortened version of the publication title, and the specific page number(s):
1. Craig Lockard, Societies, Networks and Transitions, Volume 1: To 1500: A Global History, 4th edn, Boston, MA, Wadsworth/Cengage, 2020, p. 20.
2. Lockard, Societies, Networks and Transitions, pp. 66-67.
3. Anne Curthoys and John Docker, Is History Fiction?, 2nd edn, UNSW Press, Sydney, 2010, pp. 51-52.
3. Lockard, Societies, Networks and Transitions, p. 68.
4. Amira K. Bennison, ‘Universalism and Western Globalization’, in A. G. Hopkins (ed.), Globalization in World History, London, Pimlico, 2002, p. 78; Curthoys and Docker, Is History Fiction?, p. 10.
• You may choose to use both ibid. and op. cit., see how this is done, below:
1. Craig Lockard, Societies, Networks and Transitions, Volume 1: To 1500: A Global History, 4th edn, Boston, MA, Wadsworth/Cengage, 2020, p. 20.
2. Ibid., pp. 66-67.
3. Anne Curthoys and John Docker, Is History Fiction?, 2nd edn, UNSW Press, Sydney, 2010, pp. 51-52.
3. Lockard, op. cit., p. 68.
4. Amira K. Bennison, ‘Universalism and Western Globalization’, in A. G. Hopkins (ed.), Globalization in World History, London, Pimlico, 2002, p. 78; Curthoys and Docker, Is History Fiction?, p. 10.
5. Bennison, ‘Universalism and Western Globalization’, pp. 79-80.
6. Ibid.
7. Curthoys and Docker, op. cit., pp. 51-52.
Note in fn. 6, there is no need to repeat the page(s) number if exactly the same as the previous reference. However, in fn. 7, the page(s) number must be repeated if the same.